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Our Mine Warfare Force

INTRODUCTION. A country with a 36,289-kilometer coastline and the world’s second largest archipelago, the Philippines’ lifeline is the sea, thus utilizing it to our advantage is a primary mission as part of today’s area denial counter to an invader. The country having a number of straits, inlets, bays and passageways can use these features in delaying the enemy’s advance. The…

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DELTAMARIN & BAR Tech Hull Collaborate to Harness Wind Power

KEY TAKEAWAYS DELTAMARIN and BAR Technologies’ new Aframax/LRII build design improves current performance by 15% through wind propulsion. Rising uptake of wind propulsion technology underlines the cargo shipping industry’s commitment to decarbonization and green innovation. The focus on hull designs tailored for wind power is the next step in the development of wind propulsion. Naval architects DELTAMARIN and innovative marine…


KR Approves Jointly Developed Methanol-Fueled MR Tanker

Korean Register (KR) has granted an Approval in Principle (AIP) for a methanol-fueled MR (medium-range) tanker, jointly developed by KR, South Korean Shipbuilders K Shipbuilding and equipment manufacturer S&SYS at Nor-Shipping 2023 in Oslo, Norway on 6-June-2023. As part of the Joint Development Project (JDP) between the three companies, the MR tanker is designed as a dual-fuel vessel, harnessing the…




Basic Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering Review Notes

INTRODUCTION. This article is a product of research by the author on three types of hulls mainly used in the design of fast patrol boats, frigates, and transport vessels of the Navy. Three Types of Hull Planning Hull – designed for motor torpedo boats that typically have a displacement of about 250 tons with a deep V midship section in…


Doctrine and Circular of Requirements in Warship Design

INTRODUCTION This article features some details for discussion on how to determine the design a fighting ship capable for credible defense during high intensity conflict at the contested sea areas of our territorial seas. The foregoing explains how fighting credibility and combat reputation can be achieved by a warship by evaluating and using certain tools of information whether the ship…


Former Philippine Navy Ships from ASEAN Countries

“We’re going to have to send you back, to rescue the Vietnamese Navy.” We forgot ‘em, and if we don’t get them or any part of them, they’re all probably going to be killed. ~ Admiral Donald Whittier, USN, Commander, Evacuation Mission, Operation Frequent Wind to CDR Paul Jacobs, USN, Commanding Officer of the Knox Class Frigate USS Kirk (FF-1087)….


Missile-Equipped MPACs Arrive in Eastern Mindanao

The Naval Forces Eastern Mindanao welcomes the Philippine Navy’s Littoral Combat Force’s 4th Boat Attack Division comprised of three Mk3 class Multi-Purpose Assault Craft (MPAC) at Naval Station Felix Apolinario, Panacan, Davao City. These attack boats increase the capabilities of the Philippine Naval Forces in Eastern Mindanao and boost the maritime security in the area These assets are part of…


Variant Ship Designs of Amphibious Support Vessels of a NAVY

INTRODUCTION This article is a research paper on the variant ship design of an amphibious landing support vessel of a navy in support of marine landing operation on a hostile shore. Various ship designs were considered of this type of vessel to show the development from the old LST model to a modern Amphibious Landing Dock vessel. The following narratives…


Southeast Asia’s First Submarine Forces: The Royal Thai Navy and The Indonesian Navy Submarine Force

The two oldest undersea forces established on 04-September-1937 and 12-September-1959 have the distinction of having the first Submarine Forces in the Southeast Asian region. These are the Royal Thai Navy and the Indonesian Navy Force. The Royal Thai Navy acquired its first Submarines through bidding which was won by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries of Japan for a price 75,000 Pounds for…


How A Navy Should Decide to Buy Their First Diesel Electric Submarine With Air Independent Power (AIP)

INTRODUCTION This article is a research paper titled “How A Navy Should Decide To Acquire to Buy the First Diesel Electric Submarine” with confidence. If and when the government so decides to acquire the first diesel electric submarine with Air Independent Power (AIP), a NAVY should be prepared and capable to support such a decision. Some of the information are…


Planned Maintenance System (PMS) on the Propulsion Engines of the 44M MRRV of the PCG

INTRODUCTION This article is a detailed overview on how the propulsion system of 44M Multi-Role Response Vessel of the Philippine Coast Guard PMS can be achieved.  The existing propulsion system of said ten units 44M MRRV is MTU Model 12V 4000 series M93L which can be maintained effectively using the following step by step PMS procedures: Understanding the engine performance…


Oceanographic and Research Vessels of the Philippines

As the jurisdiction to the BENHAM RISE plateau was finally given to the Philippines in 2017, unknown to many, the Philippines has an Oceanographic and Research Capability that dates back to the 1900s until the present. In December 1900, the US Coast and Geodetic Survey (USCGS) sent personnel to Manila to establish the sub-office of the USCGS in the Philippines….



Deliberate Acquisition of Submarine Warfare Capability of a Navy

INTRODUCTION This article emphasizes the dangers of operating a submarine short of maturity in a NAVY. They face threats and dangers of deep water that needs to be understood by a NAVY aspiring to fulfill the dreams of acquiring a submarine warfare capability for the defense of their country in territorial seas. This article is not to discouraged the NAVY,…


BROWN EAGLE UNDERWATER: The Philippines’ Quest For Submarines

I am sharing an article I had written six years ago, now with revisions as further information came to light in supporting the Philippine Navy’s acquisition of Submarines through a historical perspective. INTRODUCTION.  On 22-September-1914, in the cold choppy waters of the North Sea, a few miles from the coast of the Netherlands in less than 90 minutes, HMS Aboukir,…



Diesel Electric Submarines with Air Independent Propulsion Systems compared with Nuclear-powered Submarines

Introduction. The Diesel Electric Submarine was considered as a principal weapons system of naval warfare, especially in littoral waters.  Submarine designers and builders focused their design in making them capable to operate, run silent and run deep, with increasing underwater endurance.  Diesel Electric Submarines need to surface and link to the atmospheric oxygen to supply air for the generators to…


Hamilton Class Weather High Endurance Cutter (WHEC) – Proven Suitability for the Missions of both Coast Guard and Navy

History The Hamilton WHEC was constructed beginning in the 1960s, and they were intended to fulfill both Coast Guard peacetime and wartime requirements, and serve alongside the Navy. During the Vietnam War, several types of vessels supported the “Operation Market Time,” provided patrol duties, boarding and inspection of North Vietnamese vessels and boats, conducted naval gunfire support, missions, and medical…


Balamban-based Shipbuilder Delivers High-Speed Ferry for Denmark

SHIPBUILDER Austal Philippines in Balamban, Cebu has delivered another historic vessel in the form of Danish-commissioned high-speed ferry Fjord FSTR that recently set sail from Cebu to Hirtshals, Denmark on March 5, 2021. According to the Philippine Embassy in Copenhagen, Fjord Line, a Danish shipping company, commissioned Austal Philippines to build the 109-meter catamaran ferry which can accommodate 1,200 passengers…


630 Ships Sent for Demolition During 2020

According to new data released by the NGO Shipbreaking Platform, 630 ocean-going commercial ships and offshore units were sold to the scrap yards in 2020. Of these vessels, 446 large tankers, bulkers, floating platforms, cargo- and passenger ships were broken down on three beaches in South Asia, amounting to near 90% of the gross tonnage dismantled globally. Ships are considered…


Environmental Factors Enhance Diesel Electric Submarine Dominance in the Littoral Zone Battlespace

INTRODUCTION This article attempts to describe the difference between the two (2) submarine battlespaces in the littoral zone and open ocean for diesel electric submarines and nuclear attack submarines, and the inherent environmental factors in an arena of underwater warfare for type submarine that can be exploited to one’s own advantage by cognizant naval commanders. This research work by the…


South Korean Shipbuilders expect to Dominate Global Market on Back of LNG Carriers

South Korea retained its status as the world-leading shipbuilding industry last year despite many COVID-19 challenges. Experts forecast the new year will treat domestic shipbuilders better as they will benefit from the introduction of eco-friendly policies. South Korea’s Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering has developed a technology that helps determine the safety of liquefied natural gas carriers in its shipyards….


LNG Retrofits: The Time is Now

LNG as fuel has long been considered the industry’s last, best hope to meet the IMO’s ambitious targets to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2030. So why aren’t we seeing more LNG retrofits on existing tonnage? In April 2018, MEPC 72 adopted resolution MEPC.304(72) on the Initial IMO Strategy on reduction of GHG emissions from ships. The IMO has…